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	Статьи и публикации о школе Шаталова
National teacher of the USSR Victor Shatalov My children finish school in the 9th form, not in the 11th. The name of the teacher-pioneer from Donetsk Victor Shatalov – the national teacher of the USSR and honoured teacher of the Ukraine was widely known in the Soviet times. His experiment resounded in the country, he gathered all-union television in the Ostankino concert hall, had a great number of enthusiasts and followers. But everything has changed. Nowadays Victor Shatalov is the professor of Donetsk Institute of the Social Education. His research does not interest the educational authorities in the Ukraine. That is why he writes books and conducts lessons for all comers from the 5th form till 11th for four years running. He gives a year-course of geometry, physics, and trigonometry for five days. The same lessons Victor Feodorovich organized this year. And in September Shatalov was invited to conduct open lessons for teachers from Moscow region. Victor Shatalov was interviewed by the columnist of “The Izvestiya” Natalie Ivanova-Gladil’schikova. - What is so unusual in your method? - Firstly, the children finish school in the 9th form. They study 9 years, not 12. Also my pupils passed the secondary school exams even in the 7th and 8th form. And 8-year children solved 9th form course of mathematics successfully. - As far as I know, you work with ordinary pupils. How to make strong pupils out of weak ones? - Not long ago I conducted a seminar in Moscow. And I had a red-haired girl, named Ruzanna. When I asked her she was very shy and did not answer. Then I wondered if she was asked at school and she said that she had not been asked for two years already. She was absolutely “lost” child, everybody gives up on her. So she visited only 5 of my lessons (10 hours) and then sent me a letter: “I got an excellent mark for geometry and then “5” for tests and even received “4” and “5” in the musical school. The recipe of the pupil’s success is very simple: you should believe in your child and give him/her an opportunity to express their own opinion, in order a fear of a mark, a terror of estrangement and condemnation do not disturb them. And secondly, the teacher should explain everything clearly. - But it is an individual work and not each teacher is equal to this task... - That's the trouble: many mathematics teachers come to seminars (there were thousands of them before) and do not know the subject themselves... After a week seminar passes I begin to receive letters from different parts of the country in 3-4 months. And only one thought runs all: Victor Feodorovich, we need 3 seminars not one to become familiar with the method (a week for every seminar). That means we study the 7-8th form material at the first seminar, 9-10th form – at the second and then -- 10-11th form material. Other teachers come in a year and inform me: “To my horror I found out that I cannot speak”. A skill to speak clearly and to put thoughts into words neatly is not taught in this country. You cannot say an excess word during mathematical proof. Even one word takes a thought away and the child has difficulties in understanding. - And how can you teach children in such limited time? - You know how we study 7th form geometry. We need only three days for it. In the first day I give them “skeletal” geometry – formulating part: all rules, theorems, corollaries. About 70 names. I show everything in draughts but prove nothing. How much time you think you need to answer 70 questions? - Oh, much time. - And I shall answer you: 7 minutes. Then sheets of paper are handed out and we repeat the material over and over again. Next day children answer my questions and get the marks. If somebody cannot answer today he will be able to do it tomorrow. They swim with the current they can get out of. Then I explain half of the theorems of the 7th form – with all proofs and calculations. There are 35 of them. I spend about 30 minutes to prove all theorems. In the third day we give the rest of the theorems. And the solution of sums starts. - And if some pupils cannot do that? - Of course. Otherwise what am I needed for? I do not choose the sums unthinkingly... Today the level of mathematical textbooks has fallen down. Present sums are intended for average morons. - I know that you do not give homework... - Right. At the beginning of school year every child gets a sheet of paper. It is lined with small squares and each has a number of exercises: 500 exercises for half a year. You can solve as many as you can. But every sum is checked and registered in the list. It is not homework, it is a home offer. If you have a difficult day, many lessons – you do not have to solve. And if you have some free time – you should try. - And how do children behave when they do not have painful duties? - The teacher from Ekaterinburg, after visiting the seminars, offered her pupils the similar form of solving the sums. And she wrote me in two months that every day the children did 10-15 tasks. She asked them: “Pupils, why when I before gave you one sum and one task you did not finish and did not solve the work? And nowadays – vice versa.” One girl stood up and answered: “Before we did it for you and now – for ourselves.” - Thanks to what can you do it? - We just open inner resources of children that nobody suspects of. I came to schools and asked for the weakest classes. I mixed them and worked. I started even from 5-6th forms (the sooner you start, the bigger is saving of time). If I took the 8th form, in the 9th form the pupil passed examinations for the full school course. I taught algebra, history, geometry, physics, natural history, geography, and astronomy. You can teach all subjects the same way. It is much easier to teach history, geography: they are not connected with tasks solving. - But they are connected with memory using... - Human memory is unlimited if taking into consideration the right repetition. And our method is based upon a unique repetition. We have physical training lessons every day. Also one day in a week is a day off (children do not study in Thursday and have no homework). - Can you continue the experiment now? - Before 1991 I worked as the laboratory director in the Academy of Pedagogical Science. A group of research assistants worked with me. Thousands of teachers came to us, we conducted seminars of Russian, history, geography, mathematics, foreign languages. We travelled across the country. Moscow supported our laboratory, financed it, and Kiev was not interested in it. And when the USSR collapsed, the laboratory financing stopped and we separated. - What do you think about unified state examination? - It is a long conversation. But only one is important: this is a structure that works mainly on the mighty of this world. It looks like the test system in the USA. There they have IQ -- intelligence quotient. This is a standard line of questions where you should be simply trained in. Family crams a child for the tests if it can afford to hire a coach. - What is necessary for popularizing of your system? - Meetings with wise persons. I suppose, there are many intelligent people in the Ministry of Education and in the Academy of Science. Last year I performed in the Academy of Frontier Troops. Pilots and other military people study in accordance with my method: Borisoglebsky military school, Ejky, Syktyvkarsky, Novosibirsky. I named only pilots. - But you cannot teach a person to run a fighter, can you? - It can be taught, too. There was written an air navigation course according Shatalov’s reference signals. - Victor Feodorovich, do you think that we should rebuild all our system of education in accordance with Shatalov’s system? - Of course. Everything is ready, the books are written, it is necessary to prepare teachers. Наталья Иванова - Гладильщикова Известия [Вернуться к списку статей]